Three-Dimensional Models: From Cell Culture to Patient-Derived Organoid and Its Application to Future Liposarcoma Research

Liposarcoma, a rare type of soft tissue sarcoma, presents challenges in research due to its rarity, making in vitro experiments crucial for understanding its pathobiology. Traditional 2D cell cultures and in vivo mouse models have limitations in accurately representing human dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS). Recent advancements in three-dimensional (3D) culture systems, including 3D cell cultures and Patient-Derived tumor Organoids (PDOs), offer promising alternatives that bridge the gap between 2D cultures and animal models. These 3D techniques are expected to enhance liposarcoma research by providing better insights into its molecular mechanisms and aiding in the development of effective therapies. The review highlights the potential of PDOs in advancing sarcoma research, particularly for liposarcoma.