High-Throughput 3D Spheroid Production with Photocurable Polyurethane Microwell Arrays via LCD 3D Printing

The study presents a method for producing high-resolution elastomeric microwell arrays using a photocurable polyurethane resin and LCD 3D printing, aimed at generating spheroids for 3D cell culture. The resin, characterized by low viscosity and a specific elastic modulus, allows for the creation of non-adhesive, hydrophilic surfaces that enhance cell-cell interactions. Validation with A549 cells showed the formation of uniform, viable spheroids without necrotic cores after 7 days. The approach demonstrated high structural regularity and increased DNA content over time, suggesting effective cell proliferation. This method offers a customizable and precise alternative for 3D cell culture applications, including disease modeling and organoid research.