Recent Advances in 3D Bioprinting of Tissues and Organs for Transplantation and Drug Screening

Recent advancements in 3D bioprinting have shown significant potential in creating tissues and organs for transplantation and drug screening, addressing the challenges of organ donor shortages and limitations of traditional methods. Various bioprinting techniques, such as jetting-based, extrusion-based, and vat photopolymerization-based methods, each offer unique advantages for tissue engineering. The development of bioinks and the selection of cell sources, including stem cells and primary cells, are crucial for maintaining the structural and functional integrity of bioprinted products. Applications include skin models with hair follicles, blood vessels, bone, cartilage, heart, liver, and tumor models, demonstrating improved functionality and potential for clinical use. Despite technical challenges, these advancements highlight the promise of 3D bioprinting in personalized medicine and reducing reliance on animal testing.