Androgenetic Alopecia: Understanding Its Causes and Treatments

October 2023 in “ University of Zadar Institutional Repository ”

Matea Rozić

androgenetic alopecia AGA dihydrotestosterone testosterone androgen receptor Wnt pathways follicle miniaturization anagen phase benign prostatic hyperplasia metabolic syndrome male pattern baldness female pattern hair loss

TLDR Androgenetic alopecia is a common genetic and hormonal hair loss affecting many men and women.

The document focuses on androgenetic alopecia (AGA), a common form of hair loss affecting 80% of men and 40% of women. AGA is characterized as a secondary, acquired, androgen-located, and non-scarring alopecia. Its etiology involves genetic and hormonal factors, with around 200 genes implicated, including those related to the androgen receptor and Wnt pathways. Dihydrotestosterone, derived from testosterone, plays a key role in follicle miniaturization and shortening of the anagen phase in genetically predisposed individuals. AGA typically begins between ages 16 and 30, with progression varying individually. Early AGA development may be linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia and metabolic syndrome. The condition can lead to psychological issues, particularly in women and younger, unmarried men. The document aims to define AGA, explain its etiology, describe its clinical presentation in men and women, discuss diagnostic methods, and outline treatment options and the role of healthcare providers in managing the condition.

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