Androgens Modulate Endometrial Function

Androgens, such as testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone, are sex steroid hormones that, while primarily associated with male reproductive functions, also play a role in female reproductive health by influencing endometrial physiology and pathologies. The androgen receptor is present in both male and female reproductive organs, indicating its importance in normal reproductive function. Recent evidence suggests that androgens contribute to the regulation of the endometrium's physiological conditions and the implantation process, as well as to endometrial pathologies like endometriosis. However, the specific roles of androgens in the endometrium are not yet fully understood, with studies reporting contradictory findings. This review compiles research on the impact of androgens on endometrial function and related pathologies.