Isolation and Validation of Antimalarial Compounds from Phyllanthus Emblica Leaves for New Antimalarial Drug Development

This study investigates the antimalarial efficacy of Phyllanthus emblica leaf extract against Plasmodium falciparum and its cytotoxicity on HeLa cells. Using bioassay-guided fractionation and NMR spectroscopy, six active compounds were isolated, with compound C4 showing the strongest bioactivity (IC₅₀ 4.32 µg/mL). The extract and two fractions demonstrated over 90% inhibition of parasite proliferation, indicating significant antimalarial activity. Both compounds exhibited low cytotoxicity against HeLa cells. This research supports the traditional use of P. emblica in treating malaria and highlights its potential for developing new antimalarial drugs.