Calcium, Cobalt, Strontium, and Cerium-Based Binary Silicate Bioactive Nanoglasses: Rational Comparison in Bioactive Properties for Optimizing Tissue Repair Applications

This study investigates the bioactive properties of four single-ion doped silicate bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) for tissue repair, focusing on calcium (BCa), cobalt (BCo), strontium (BSr), and cerium (BCe). Each MBGN demonstrated unique bioactivity: BCa enhanced apatite nucleation, BSr exhibited strong anti-inflammatory effects, BCe showed significant antioxidant activity, and BCo promoted angiogenesis. In wound models, BSr and BCe accelerated wound closure and improved vasculature and hair follicle restoration, with BSr showing the highest healing efficacy. BCo enhanced hair-follicle regeneration but had a limited biosafety window. The study concludes that a simplified binary platform allows for effective ion-guided design of bioactive materials, with BSr and BCe being the most effective for tissue repair.