Conserved γδ T cell selection by BTNL proteins limits progression of human inflammatory bowel disease

    September 2023 in “ Science ”
    Robin Dart, Iva Zlatareva, Pierre Vantourout, Efstathios Theodoridis, Ariella Amar, Shichina Kannambath, Philip East, Timothy Recaldin, John Mansfield, Christopher A Lamb, Miles Parkes, Peter M. Irving, Natalie J. Prescott, Adrian Hayday
    The study investigates the role of γδ T cells in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), focusing on a subset coexpressing T cell receptor Vγ4 and integrin CD103. This subset is found to be diminished and dysregulated in IBD, with restoration linked to disease remission. Additionally, individuals with germline BTNL3/BTNL8 hypomorphism, a risk factor for Crohn's disease, also show dysregulation and loss of these cells. The findings suggest that BTNL-dependent selection and maintenance of γδ T cells is a conserved mechanism that limits the progression of IBD, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
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