Dermatological Manifestations of Celiac Disease: A Literature Review

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder that affects about 1% of the global population and can present with a variety of symptoms, including dermatological manifestations. While dermatitis herpetiformis is the most recognized skin condition associated with CD, other skin issues such as psoriasis, alopecia areata, urticaria, and atopic dermatitis may also occur. These skin manifestations can appear before or without gastrointestinal symptoms, which can delay diagnosis. The pathogenesis involves immune dysregulation and IgA deposition in the skin. A gluten-free diet has been shown to improve both intestinal and skin symptoms, emphasizing the importance of considering CD in patients with unexplained or resistant skin conditions. Early diagnosis and dietary changes can improve outcomes, highlighting the need for awareness of skin signs as indicators of CD.