Diagnosis, Etiology, Epidemiology, and Treatment of Head and Neck Tumors in Children and Adolescents

The study analyzed 40 pediatric patients treated for soft tissue and bone sarcomas in the head and neck region at the Maxillofacial Surgery Department in Olsztyn from 2015 to 2022. The most common type of sarcoma was rhabdomyosarcoma, accounting for 44% of cases. Other sarcomas included osteosarcoma (12%), Ewing sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and alveolar soft part sarcoma (8% each), and spindle cell sarcoma, fibromyxoid sarcoma, rhabdoid tumor, and fibrosarcoma (4% each). The study highlighted the need for complex multidisciplinary oncological and surgical treatment, often involving reconstructive techniques due to the local advancement of tumors.