Engineered Extracellular Vesicles for Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-like structures secreted by cells that play a crucial role in tissue repair and regeneration by transferring proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to target cells. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the engineering of EVs to enhance their therapeutic efficacy through gene editing, surface, and content modifications. This review discusses the mechanisms and potential of EVs in regenerative medicine, providing insights into their design and future development for tissue repair applications.