The Hair Loss Encyclopedia

Extracellular Vesicles in Atopic Dermatitis: Unraveling Pathogenic Mediators and Engineering Therapeutic Vectors

May 2026 in “ Frontiers in Immunology ”

Wei‐Zhen Tang, Chong-Yi Liao, H M Xu, Wenting Huang, Zhi-Xian Wu, Tongyu Chen, T C Liu, Yongheng Wang

extracellular vesicles atopic dermatitis Staphylococcus aureus skin barrier inflammation mesenchymal stem cells immune response precision diagnostics therapeutic vectors EVs AD MSC

TLDR Extracellular vesicles can both worsen and potentially treat atopic dermatitis.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a dual role in atopic dermatitis (AD) by contributing to both its pathogenesis and potential treatment. Pathogen-derived EVs, such as those from Staphylococcus aureus, disrupt the skin barrier and promote inflammation, while therapeutic EVs from sources like mesenchymal stem cells show promise in restoring barrier function and modulating the immune response. Despite their potential, challenges such as standardization, mechanistic understanding, and safety data remain. Future research should focus on overcoming these challenges to harness EVs for precision diagnostics and therapies in AD.

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research Stem Cell-Derived and Plant-Derived Exosomes: Promising Therapeutics for Skin Healing and Regeneration

February 2026 in “Molecular and Cellular Probes”

Stem cell and plant exosomes may help heal and regenerate skin.

research Extracellular Vesicles in Skin: Biological Function and Therapeutic Potential

2 citations , September 2025 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine”

Extracellular vesicles can help treat skin issues like wounds, hair loss, aging, and inflammation.

Advances in the Extracellular Vesicles Treatment of Alopecia

research Advances in the Extracellular Vesicles Treatment of Alopecia

August 2025 in “Annals of Medicine”

Extracellular vesicles show promise for treating hair loss but need more research for effective use.

research Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Atopic Dermatitis Through Inhibition of Neutrophil Chemotaxis

3 citations , May 2025 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

Stem cell therapy from umbilical cords may help treat atopic dermatitis.

Bioinspired Engineering of ADSC Nanovesicles in Thermosensitive Hydrogel to Enhance Autophagy of Dermal Papilla Cells for Androgenetic Alopecia Treatment

research Bioinspired Engineering of ADSC Nanovesicles in Thermosensitive Hydrogel to Enhance Autophagy of Dermal Papilla Cells for Androgenetic Alopecia Treatment

March 2024 in “Bioactive Materials”

New treatment using engineered nanovesicles in hydrogel improves hair growth by repairing hair follicle cells in a mouse model of hair loss.

research Development of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Epidermal Organoids That Generate Effective Extracellular Vesicles in Skin Regeneration

25 citations , February 2024 in “Biomaterials”

Stem cell-derived organoids can improve skin healing.

Exosomal MicroRNA-Based Therapies for Skin Diseases

research Exosomal MicroRNA-Based Therapies for Skin Diseases

December 2023 in “Regenerative therapy”

miRNA-based therapies show promise for treating skin diseases, including hair loss, in animals.

research Extracellular Vesicles From IFN-γ-Primed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Repress Atopic Dermatitis In Mice

29 citations , December 2022 in “Journal of Nanobiotechnology”

Stem cell vesicles reduced eczema symptoms in mice safely.

MiR-140-5p in Small Extracellular Vesicles From Human Papilla Cells Stimulates Hair Growth by Promoting Proliferation of Outer Root Sheath and Hair Matrix Cells

research MiR-140-5p in Small Extracellular Vesicles From Human Papilla Cells Stimulates Hair Growth by Promoting Proliferation of Outer Root Sheath and Hair Matrix Cells

18 citations , December 2020 in “Frontiers in cell and developmental biology”

miR-140-5p in certain cell vesicles helps hair growth by boosting cell proliferation.

Dermal Exosomes Containing miR-218-5p Promote Hair Regeneration by Regulating β-Catenin Signaling

research Dermal Exosomes Containing miR-218-5p Promote Hair Regeneration by Regulating β-Catenin Signaling

65 citations , July 2020 in “Science Advances”

Dermal exosomes with miR-218-5p boost hair growth by controlling β-catenin signaling.

Diet and Hair Loss: Effects of Nutrient Deficiency and Supplement Use

research Diet and Hair Loss: Effects of Nutrient Deficiency and Supplement Use

79 citations , January 2017 in “Dermatology practical & conceptual”

Correcting nutrient deficiencies may help with hair loss, but the benefits of supplements without a deficiency are uncertain and could be harmful.