Extracellular Vesicles in Skin Wound Healing

    August 2021 in “ Pharmaceuticals ”
    Deimantė Narauskaitė, Gabrielė Vydmantaitė, Justina Rusteikaitė, Revathi Sampath, Akvilė Rudaitytė, Gabija Stašytė, María Isabel Aparicio Calvente, Aistė Jekabsone
    TLDR Extracellular vesicles help heal skin wounds and could be used for better treatments.
    The review discussed the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in enhancing skin wound healing across all four phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. EVs from sources like mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and plants were shown to promote cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. MSC-derived EVs, particularly from umbilical cord, adipose tissue, and bone marrow, were effective in diabetic wound healing, influencing processes like coagulation and collagen synthesis through pathways such as PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin. Plant-derived EVs, though less studied, showed promise as cost-effective drug delivery systems with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. The review highlighted the need for further research to fully understand EV mechanisms and suggested future development of smart hydrogels and multifunctional biomaterials to optimize EV delivery and wound healing outcomes.
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