Is Female-Pattern Hair Loss an Autoimmune-Like Disorder? Unveiling the 'Silent' Inflammation

The study by Peng et al (2025) challenges the traditional view of female-pattern hair loss (FPHL) as a noninflammatory condition by presenting evidence of aberrant B-cell and cytotoxic T-cell activation, suggesting an autoimmune-like process. This inflammation, particularly around the hair follicle stem cell niches, may lead to irreversible follicular miniaturization. The study highlights the potential of Jak inhibitors as a therapeutic option, as current treatments like minoxidil and antiandrogens do not address the inflammatory pathways identified. Although the study's small sample size limits its conclusions, it opens new avenues for treating FPHL by targeting the immune system.