Glucocorticoids Influencing Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway; Multiple Sites, Heterogeneous Effects

The review discussed the impact of glucocorticoid (GC) excess on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which played a crucial role in various body systems, including bones, adipose tissue, brain, and skin. GC excess was linked to osteoporosis, altered fat distribution, cognitive decline, and skin atrophy, with inhibitors like Dkk-1 and sFRP-1 contributing to these effects. The study highlighted the complex interplay between GCs and Wnt signaling, emphasizing the need for careful regulation due to its extensive impact on cell differentiation and proliferation. Potential therapeutic strategies included physical exercise, hypocaloric diets, and leptin treatment to restore Wnt-pathway function and mitigate GC-induced conditions.