Hirsutism in Children: A Comprehensive Review of Etiology, Clinical Evaluation and Contemporary Management

The review article discusses hirsutism in children, highlighting it as a rare but important condition characterized by excessive hair growth in areas sensitive to androgens. It often signals underlying disorders such as endocrine, metabolic, genetic, or neoplastic issues, necessitating thorough evaluation. The article emphasizes recent advancements in understanding androgen biosynthesis, sensitivity, and the link between insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. Key causes include premature adrenarche, non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia, adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome, and androgen-secreting tumors. Early detection is vital to prevent long-term complications. The review provides insights into pathophysiology, diagnostic strategies, laboratory markers, imaging techniques, and management approaches, offering a practical guide for clinicians treating pediatric hirsutism.