Application of Hydrogels as Three-Dimensional Bioprinting Ink for Tissue Engineering

The document reviewed the application of hydrogels as three-dimensional bioprinting ink in tissue engineering, highlighting their importance in creating tissue or organ regeneration microenvironments. It discussed various advanced bioprinting technologies such as inkjet, extrusion, laser-assisted, stereolithography, suspension, and digital 3D bioprinting. The review covered the materials used as hydrogel bioinks, their printability, fidelity, and biological properties, as well as their applications in bone, skin, and cardiovascular tissue engineering. It also addressed current challenges and potential future directions in the field.