Changes in Immune Status Parameters in Patients With Alopecia Areata Undergoing Combined Therapy

The study evaluated the immune status changes in 31 patients with alopecia areata undergoing combined therapy, compared to 30 healthy controls. Before treatment, patients showed elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8), increased circulating immune complexes, and decreased cellular immunity. Post-treatment, there was a significant reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines (p <0.01–0.001), a decrease in circulating immune complexes (p <0.05), and an increase in IL-10 levels and phagocytic activity (p <0.05). The combined therapy demonstrated a strong immunomodulatory effect, reducing inflammatory activity and restoring immune homeostasis.