<i>Polynucleotides</i> in aesthetic medicine: the science, mechanisms and clinical considerations

Polynucleotides (PNs) and polydeoxyribonucleotides (PDRNs) are gaining popularity in aesthetic medicine for their regenerative properties, promoting fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and DNA repair. These agents improve skin elasticity, hydration, and overall tissue quality, and are used for facial rejuvenation, neck and décolletage laxity, hand revitalization, hair restoration, acne scarring, and post-inflammatory pigmentation. Although current evidence is based on small-scale studies with low to moderate methodological quality, results consistently show enhanced skin texture, wrinkle reduction, improved dermal hydration, and high patient satisfaction, with only mild and transient side effects. PNs are positioned as a safe and effective regenerative option, distinct from traditional skin boosters and other biostimulators.