ISID1373 - Expression of programmed cell death 1 inversely correlated with the density of CD8+ T cells infiltrating hair follicles in alopecia areata

Balding scalps have more androgen receptors, leading to increased TGF-beta, which causes blood vessel loss and hair follicle miniaturization. Blocking androgen signaling and TGF-beta may help prevent hair loss.

Hair loss is linked to cellular physiology and the IGF-1 to TGF-B1 ratio, not just androgen sensitivity. The theory lacks evidence, while finasteride and minoxidil are effective treatments.

PP405, a topical LDH inhibitor, has shown to stimulate hair follicle stem cell proliferation in humans with moderate hair loss. They are advancing to more detailed trials this year.

Adipose-derived stem cell secretome showed significant improvement in hair density and growth, especially when combined with minoxidil, suggesting a synergistic effect. The study had limitations, including a small sample size and potential bias.

Corticosterone inhibits GAS6, affecting hair follicle stem-cell activity, with potential implications for stress-related hair loss. Ashwagandha and Vitamin K are suggested for reducing cortisol, but their effectiveness is debated.

PP405 is a potential hair loss treatment that inhibits mitochondrial pyruvate carriers, increasing lactate dehydrogenase activity and stimulating hair follicle stem cells. In a phase 1 trial, 31% of participants showed over 20% hair density increase with PP405 treatment.