Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Two Antiproliferative Metabolites from Pterocarpus Indicus Willd. Against TGF-β-Induced Prostate Stromal Cells (WPMY-1) Proliferation via PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

The study investigated the effects of metabolites from Pterocarpus indicus on TGF-β-induced prostate stromal cells (WPMY-1) and found that these compounds inhibited cell proliferation by downregulating PCNA expression and affecting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Specifically, PI extract and Mac induced apoptosis through p53 upregulation, while Ang and Ang-Mac did not significantly impact apoptosis via the p53 pathway. Both metabolites effectively inhibited p-PI3K and p-AKT protein expression in the nucleus. The findings suggest that PI extract, Ang, and Mac are promising for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and could be used to standardize PI extract in future research.