The Roles of Keratinocytes in the Initiation, Progression, and Maintenance of Hidradenitis Suppurativa

The document explores the significant role of keratinocytes (KCs) in the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), highlighting their active contribution to inflammation and disease progression. KCs produce proinflammatory cytokines and interact with immune cells, with genetic mutations like those in the NCSTN gene leading to abnormal KC function. Metabolic dysregulation and cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-36 exacerbate inflammation. Elevated levels of IL-17 family cytokines and antimicrobial peptides in HS lesions further drive inflammation. The review underscores the need for more research into genetic and environmental factors affecting HS and suggests that therapies targeting these pathways, including anti-TNF-α and IL-36 receptor blockers, show promise. Understanding KC interactions and their role in chronic inflammation could lead to new treatment strategies.