Maternal Coffee Consumption During Pregnancy And Pubertal Development In Children: A Cohort Study

    January 2026 in “ Reproductive Toxicology
    Julie Lyngsø, Nis Brix, Andreas M. Ernst, Bodil Hammer Bech, Lea Lykke Harrits Lunddorf, Cecilia Høst Ramlau-Hansen
    This cohort study investigated the impact of maternal coffee consumption during early pregnancy on the timing of pubertal development in children, involving 15,819 participants from the Danish National Birth Cohort. The study found that daughters of mothers who consumed 8 or more cups of coffee per day during pregnancy experienced pubertal development approximately 2 months earlier than those whose mothers did not consume coffee. No significant differences were observed in the pubertal development of sons based on maternal coffee consumption. The findings suggest that high maternal coffee intake during pregnancy may lead to earlier pubertal development in daughters.
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