Circulating MicroRNA Signatures in Severe Alopecia Areata: Diagnostic Discrimination, Pathway Analysis, and Therapeutic Implications

    July 2025 in “ Preprints.org ”
    Jesús Gay-Mimbrera, Macarena Aguilar-Luque, Pedro Jesús Gómez‐Arias, Irene Rivera‐Ruiz, M. Juan-Cencerrado, Carmen Mochón‐Jiménez, Esmeralda Parra-Peralbo, José Liñares-Blanco, Pedro Carmona‐Sáez, Beatriz Isla-Tejera, Juan Ruano
    TLDR Specific miRNA profiles can help diagnose and treat alopecia areata.
    This study explores the potential of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for severe Alopecia Areata (AA). Involving 50 patients, the research identified 19 significantly downregulated miRNAs in AA, with 9 validated for both mild and severe forms. Machine learning models showed high accuracy (AUC = 0.94) in classifying AA. Pathway analysis highlighted immune-related pathways, such as Interferon-gamma and JAK/STAT, as crucial in AA. The study suggests kinase inhibitors as promising therapeutic options to reverse miRNA dysregulation. Despite promising results, further validation is necessary to confirm these findings.
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