Modeling the Pharmacodynamics of Nandrolone Doping Drug and Implications for Anti-Doping Testing

The document presents a model simulating the pharmacodynamics of the performance-enhancing drug nandrolone and its interaction with finasteride, a drug used to prevent male hair loss. The model, tested against data from two studies involving 28 volunteers in total, accurately represented the pharmacokinetics of nandrolone and the dynamic effects of finasteride. It showed that finasteride can decrease the excretion of a nandrolone metabolite to 30 percent and last around 12 days, potentially allowing athletes to avoid detection in doping tests. The study recommends that the World Anti-Doping Agency conduct frequent tests and establish a threshold for certain metabolite levels to detect nandrolone users. The model can be used by anti-doping agencies to predict short-term metabolite dynamics of athletes.