Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Advances in Androgenetic Alopecia

The document reviews the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic advances in treating androgenetic alopecia (AGA), a prevalent form of hair loss affecting 21.3% of men and 6% of women in China. It highlights the roles of 5α-reductase and androgen receptor in AGA's development and discusses current treatments like minoxidil and finasteride, noting their limitations and side effects. Combining minoxidil with microneedling and PRP has shown improved results, while oral minoxidil (LDOM) and dutasteride offer alternative options with their own side effects. Novel delivery methods, such as microneedle technology and nanocarriers, are enhancing treatment efficacy. The study emphasizes the need for personalized treatments and further research into new therapeutic targets and hair follicle regeneration techniques, as complete hair follicle regeneration and a cure remain elusive.