Molecular Regulation of Secondary Hair Follicle Stem Cell by S100a4 in Cashmere Goat

The study identifies S100a4 as a crucial regulator of secondary hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) in cashmere goats, with a significant role in hair follicle regeneration. S100a4 expression peaks during the anagen phase and is higher in HFSCs than in hair matrix cells, indicating its involvement in follicle activation. It promotes HFSC differentiation and maintains stem cell pluripotency without affecting proliferation. Proteomic analysis shows S100A4's interaction with keratins, suggesting its structural and regulatory role in HFSC fate. These findings propose S100a4 as a potential target for enhancing cashmere fiber production. The study involved six cashmere goats.