Research Relevant Conditions and Pathology in Nonhuman Primates

The document reviewed the use of nonhuman primates (NHPs) in biomedical research, emphasizing their genetic similarity to humans, which made them valuable for translational research. It highlighted challenges in interpreting study results due to spontaneous histopathologic changes in NHPs, influenced by species, genetics, age, and environmental factors. The review aimed to improve interpretation by discussing common background lesions in various NHP species, including rhesus and cynomolgus macaques, baboons, and others. It detailed diseases and conditions affecting these primates, such as amyloid deposits, lymphoma, myocarditis, and congenital heart defects in rhesus macaques, and cardiovascular, endocrine, and gastrointestinal diseases in baboons. The document also covered the use of African green monkeys, common marmosets, tamarins, owl monkeys, and squirrel monkeys in research, noting their specific conditions and relevance as models for human diseases.