Ophthalmological Complications of Aesthetic Medicine Procedures: A Narrative Review

Minimally invasive cosmetic procedures, such as dermal fillers and botulinum toxin injections, are popular but can lead to rare, serious ophthalmological complications like central retinal artery occlusion and ischemic optic neuropathy, potentially causing irreversible vision loss. Other issues include diplopia, ptosis, dry eye, and orbital cellulitis. This narrative review highlights the importance of awareness, patient selection, and safe techniques to prevent these complications. It discusses the incidence, mechanisms, and management strategies, emphasizing the need for prompt recognition and intervention. The review calls for enhanced education, informed consent, and collaboration between aesthetic providers and ophthalmologists due to the rising prevalence of these procedures.