Ovarian Hyperthecosis Presenting as Polycythemia

A 58-year-old postmenopausal woman with polycythemia and hirsutism was diagnosed with ovarian hyperthecosis (OH) after elevated testosterone levels were found. This case underscores polycythemia as a rare symptom of OH, which can mimic malignant androgen-secreting tumors. After a laparoscopic bilateral oophorectomy, the patient's testosterone levels and polycythemia normalized. The report stresses the need to consider OH in the differential diagnosis of polycythemia to avoid potential health risks. Bilateral oophorectomy is the definitive treatment for OH, though other treatments are available for those who cannot undergo surgery.