Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: What Is New

The review discussed Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder affecting 4-12% of reproductive-aged women, characterized by hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. The diagnosis of PCOS was based on criteria including oligo/anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. The pathogenesis of PCOS was linked to genetic factors, insulin resistance, and increased oxidative stress. Recent studies suggested a connection between PCOS and gut microbiota, proposing that dysbiosis may contribute to insulin resistance. Management focused on lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, with pharmacological treatments like metformin and Clomiphene Citrate used to restore ovulation and improve fertility.