Proteomic Tools for the Investigation of Human Hair Structural Proteins and Evidence of Weakness Sites on Hair Keratin Coil Segments

    October 2011 in “ Analytical biochemistry ”
    Nicolas R. Barthélemy, Audrey Bednarczyk, Christine Schaeffer-Reiss, Dominique Jullien, Alain Van Dorsselaer, Nükhet Cavusoglu
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    TLDR Hair proteins have weak spots in their α-helical segments.
    The study utilized proteomic mass spectrometry (MS)-based strategies, specifically multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPit) and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with MS (2-DE gel MS), to analyze human hair cortex proteins. These methods identified all keratins and major keratin-associated proteins (KAPs), along with posttranslational modifications such as cysteine trioxidation, lysine, and histidine methylation. The 2-DE gel MS revealed unexpected heterogeneity in keratin structures and suggested a preferential breaking zone in α-helical segments of hair keratins, providing insights into the structural weaknesses of hair proteins.
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