Research Progress on Construction Technology of 3D Human Skin Models and Its Application Prospects in Dermatology

The document reviews advancements in 3D human skin model construction, focusing on bioprinting, organoid, and organ-on-a-chip technologies, which aim to replicate the complex structure and microenvironment of human skin more accurately than traditional models. Key advancements include integrating vascularization, skin appendages, and multi-omics data to enhance physiological realism. Despite progress, challenges such as standardization, high costs, and incomplete replication of skin functions hinder clinical translation. Future directions involve interdisciplinary approaches, leveraging artificial intelligence and personalized multi-omics to advance 3D skin models for precise clinical applications. These models have shown significant potential in dermatology, particularly in wound healing and skin tumor research, providing valuable platforms for understanding disease mechanisms and testing therapeutic strategies. However, challenges remain in standardizing models, simulating pathological complexity, and integrating vascular systems.