Assessing the Risk of Alopecia Areata Development in Patients With Seasonal and Food Allergies: A Matched Population-Level Analysis

July 2024 in “ Journal of Investigative Dermatology ”

David Gárate, Christopher J Thang, Therese L. Murphy, Dheeraj Sharma, George Golovko, M.G. Wilkerson, Nicholas Gulati, Benjamin Ungar

alopecia areata seasonal allergies food allergies TriNetX US Collaborative Network AA

TLDR Allergies, especially both seasonal and food, increase the risk of developing alopecia areata.

This study investigates the link between seasonal and food allergies and the risk of developing alopecia areata (AA) using data from the TriNetX US Collaborative Network. Patients were categorized into three groups based on their allergy type and matched with controls. The analysis revealed that individuals with seasonal allergies had a higher risk of developing AA (HR = 1.41) and severe AA (HR = 1.70). Similarly, food allergies were associated with increased risks for AA (HR = 1.10) and severe AA (HR = 1.71). The highest risk was observed in patients with both seasonal and food allergies, with hazard ratios of 1.95 for AA and 2.58 for severe AA. These results suggest that allergies, particularly when combined, significantly contribute to the risk of AA and its severe forms.

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