Role of Polyphenols in Dermatological Diseases: Exploring Pharmacotherapeutic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications

The review highlights the potential of polyphenols as therapeutic agents for dermatological diseases due to their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Polyphenols can penetrate the skin barrier, making them promising for treating conditions like acne, dermatitis, alopecia, and skin fungal infections. Specific compounds, such as gallotannin, ellagitannin, diosmetin, and quercetin, are discussed for their ability to inhibit inflammatory pathways and reduce cytokine levels. In alopecia, compounds like morroniside and baicalein promote hair growth through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Polyphenols also show potential in treating skin cancer and rosacea by modifying signaling pathways and reducing oxidative stress. Despite promising preclinical evidence, further research with larger populations is needed to confirm their efficacy and enhance bioavailability.