Effect of Sapium Rotundifolium Hemsl. Extract on Testosterone-Induced Prostatic Hyperplasia

The study investigated the effects of Sapium rotundifolium Hemsl. extract on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using human prostate cancer cells and a rat model. The methanol extract and its fractions reduced prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and androgen receptor (AR) mRNA expression in cells. In rats, the extract decreased prostate weight and BPH-related protein expression without significant liver toxicity. Histological analysis showed reduced epithelial thickness in treated rats, similar to finasteride, a known BPH treatment. These findings suggested that S. rotundifolium Hemsl. extract had potential as a treatment for BPH.