<scp> <i>Arachis hypogaea</i> </scp> L. Root Extract Mitigates Testosterone Propionate‐Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in <scp>ICR</scp> Mice by Suppressing Inflammation, Androgen Receptors, and Dihydrotestosterone

The study investigated the effects of Arachis hypogaea L. root extract (AHRE) on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in ICR mice. AHRE was administered at doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg, with finasteride as a control. The high-dose AHRE (300 mg/kg) significantly reduced prostate weight by 84.07% and decreased glandular hyperplasia, prostatic cell counts, and levels of prostatic acid phosphatase, dihydrotestosterone, and androgen receptors. It also downregulated inflammation-related gene expression. Additionally, AHRE treatment increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiota, which correlated negatively with prostate weight and inflammatory markers, suggesting improved gut barrier function and reduced systemic inflammation, contributing to the alleviation of BPH symptoms.