Serum Phoenixin-14 and Phoenixin-20 Concentrations in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Associations with Anti-Müllerian Hormone and Diagnostic Utility

This study examined serum levels of phoenixin-14 (PNX-14) and phoenixin-20 (PNX-20) in 90 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) compared to 60 healthy controls, finding that both isoforms were significantly elevated in PCOS patients. These isoforms positively correlated with anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), insulin, and luteinizing hormone (LH), and negatively with sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. The study demonstrated moderate diagnostic utility for PNX isoforms, with AUC values of 0.834 for PNX-14 and 0.819 for PNX-20, suggesting their potential role in multi-marker assessment frameworks for PCOS. However, the cross-sectional design limits causal conclusions, necessitating further research to validate these associations.