Silver Nanoparticles in Medicine and Technology: Synthesis, Functionality and Future Prospects

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are prominent nanomaterials known for their antibacterial properties and broad-spectrum activity, making them valuable in health, food storage, textiles, and environmental solutions. They have a high surface-area-to-volume ratio, enhancing their interaction with bacterial cells. Despite toxicity concerns, AgNP products are approved by regulatory bodies. Synthesis methods include physical, chemical, and eco-friendly biological approaches, with plant-based biosynthesis reducing environmental risks. AgNPs show therapeutic potential in drug delivery systems, improving drug stability and skin penetration in topical formulations. In dentistry, AgNPs prevent infections and implant failure without causing tooth staining. Overall, AgNPs hold promise in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and dental applications, advancing nanotechnology solutions.