The Mechanism and Research Progress of Skin Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Acne

The document explores the role of skin microbiota in acne pathogenesis, focusing on the imbalance of microorganisms like Cutibacterium acnes, Malassezia, and Staphylococcus. C. acnes is linked to acne severity through strain-specific pathogenicity, inflammation, and biofilm formation. Malassezia and Staphylococcus aureus also contribute to acne, with Malassezia causing inflammation and follicular disruption, while S. epidermidis may protect against acne. The study suggests restoring microbial balance with precision antimicrobials, probiotics, and dietary changes. The gut-skin axis is noted, with gut dysbiosis potentially affecting acne. Future treatments may target specific pathogenic strains while preserving beneficial ones, and further research is needed to validate microbiome-targeted therapies and explore the gut-skin axis.