Evolution, Classification, Structure, and Functional Diversification of Steroid 5α-Reductase Family in Eukaryotes

July 2024 in “ Heliyon ”

Khawar Ali, Wenjuan Li, Guang Wu

steroid 5α-reductase SRD5A dihydrotestosterone DHT testosterone

TLDR Steroid 5α-reductase evolved from protists and diversified in eukaryotes, with specific roles in mammals and plants.

The study investigates the evolution, classification, and functional diversification of the steroid 5α-reductase (SRD5A) family in eukaryotes, emphasizing its role in converting testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in mammals and campesterol to campestanol in plants. It identifies protists as a common ancestor for SRD5A subgroups and discovers a new plant subclass, DET2-like (DET2L). The research highlights the importance of SRD5A in human diseases such as male pseudohermaphroditism, prostate cancer, and male pattern alopecia, and explores the distinct functions and pH dependencies of SRD5A1 and SRD5A2 isoenzymes. Additionally, the study discusses the potential therapeutic applications of SRD5A inhibitors in treating conditions like androgenetic alopecia and prostate cancer, and the role of plant DET2 in brassinosteroid biosynthesis and stress responses.

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