The Combination of <i>Nigella sativa</i> Oil‐Based Nanoemulsion and Quercetin Alleviates Oxidative Stress From Exogenous Testosterone Through Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Mechanisms in Rats

The study involving 36 male Wistar rats examined the effects of a Nigella sativa oil-based nanoemulsion combined with quercetin (Qu-BSO) on testicular damage caused by exogenous testosterone and stress. The Qu-BSO nanoemulsion significantly reduced oxidative stress, hormonal imbalance, and inflammatory cytokine expression, thereby preserving testicular function. It demonstrated stability and enhanced bioavailability, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic strategy against testosterone-induced testicular impairment. The nanoemulsion outperformed other interventions, such as high-intensity exercise, by enhancing antioxidant defenses and maintaining testicular morphology, indicating potential clinical relevance for men undergoing testosterone therapy or exposed to chronic stress.