The role of glypican-4, thyroid stimulating hormone, and reproductive hormones in polycystic ovary syndrome progress among Iraqi women

The study examined the relationship between glypican-4, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and reproductive hormones in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among Iraqi women, involving 70 participants (35 with PCOS and 35 healthy controls). It found that women with PCOS had significantly higher levels of glypican-4, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin compared to controls, while testosterone and TSH levels showed no significant difference. Glypican-4 was positively associated with age, testosterone, prolactin, and FSH, and negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) and FSH. The study suggests glypican-4 could serve as a marker for insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles in PCOS, emphasizing the need for further research on its role in PCOS pathophysiology and related metabolic and cardiovascular risks. BMI was identified as a significant predictor of glypican-4 levels.