Topical Metformin in Dermatology: A Narrative Review of Efficacy and Formulation Approaches

December 2025 in “ MEDFARM Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan ”

Shofiatul Fajriyah, Fitria Wahyuningwulan, Lelly Winduhani, Fentyana Dwi Rilawati, Dyah Ayu Kusumaratni

topical metformin alopecia melanogenesis hair regrowth hydrogels lipid nanoparticles

TLDR Topical metformin shows promise for treating skin conditions like acne and psoriasis.

This narrative review explores the potential of topical metformin in dermatology, highlighting its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and regenerative properties. The review synthesizes data from 21 studies, including 1 on alopecia, and discusses the pharmacological rationale, therapeutic efficacy, and formulation strategies for topical metformin. Promising results have been observed in conditions such as melasma, acne, psoriasis, alopecia, and wound healing, with metformin shown to modulate melanogenesis, enhance hair regrowth, and support scar-free repair. Various formulations like hydrogels and lipid nanoparticles have been developed to optimize skin penetration and therapeutic benefits while minimizing systemic exposure.

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