Towards cell-based therapy of alopecia areata: Autologous human Vδ2+ Foxp3+ γδTreg cells restore hair-follicle immune privilege and promote hair regrowth in human alopecia areata models ex vivo and in vivo

January 2026 in “ Journal of Investigative Dermatology ”

Aviad Keren, Nyra Goldstein, Marta Bertolini, R. Kassem, Nataša Štrbo, Ralf Paus, Amos Gilhar

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Research cited in this study

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research Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Drugs for Alopecia: A Comprehensive Review

February 2025 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology”

Future alopecia treatments will improve with targeted therapies and personalized approaches.

research Baricitinib Withdrawal and Retreatment in Patients With Severe Alopecia Areata

August 2024 in “JAMA Dermatology”

Continuous baricitinib is needed to keep hair regrowth in severe alopecia areata.

research Pathogenesis of Alopecia Areata and Vitiligo: Commonalities and Differences

April 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences”

Alopecia areata and vitiligo share immune system dysfunction but differ in specific immune responses and affected areas.

research Interleukin-15 Is a Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Guardian

1 citations , April 2024 in “Journal of Autoimmunity”

Interleukin-15 can help hair growth and protect hair follicles.

research Regulatory T Cells in Skin Mediate Immune Privilege of the Hair Follicle Stem Cell Niche

21 citations , January 2024 in “Science Immunology”

Regulatory T cells protect hair follicle stem cells by maintaining immune privilege in the skin.

research Inhibition of T-Cell Activity in Alopecia Areata: Recent Developments and New Directions

4 citations , November 2023 in “Frontiers in immunology”

New treatments targeting T-cell pathways are needed for better alopecia areata management.

research Epidemiology of Alopecia Areata and Population-Wide Comorbidities in Germany: Analysis of Longitudinal Claims Data

1 citations , October 2023 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

In Germany, alopecia areata is common and often occurs with skin conditions like eczema and psoriasis, affecting women slightly more and varying by region.

research The Potential of Regulatory T Cell-Based Therapies for Alopecia Areata

May 2023 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

Treg cell-based therapies might help treat hair loss from alopecia areata, but more research is needed to confirm safety and effectiveness.

research The JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway: From Bench to Clinic

489 citations , November 2021 in “Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy”

The JAK/STAT pathway is important in cell processes and disease, and JAK inhibitors are promising for treating related conditions.

research Resident Human Dermal Gamma Delta T-Cells Operate as Stress Sentinels: Lessons from the Hair Follicle

27 citations , August 2021 in “Journal of Autoimmunity”

Human dermal γδT-cells respond to stress in hair follicles, contributing to hair loss.

research Pro-Inflammatory Vδ1+ T-Cells Infiltrates Are Present In And Around The Hair Bulbs Of Non-Lesional And Lesional Alopecia Areata Hair Follicles

23 citations , September 2020 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

Targeting Vδ1+T-cells may help treat alopecia areata.

research Low-Dose IL-2 for Treating Moderate to Severe Alopecia Areata: A 52-Week Multicenter Prospective Placebo-Controlled Study Assessing Its Impact on T Regulatory Cell and NK Cell Populations

22 citations , September 2020 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

The study's results on the effectiveness of low-dose IL-2 for alopecia areata and its impact on immune cells were not provided.

research Hair Follicle Immune Privilege and Its Collapse in Alopecia Areata

134 citations , July 2020 in “Experimental dermatology”

Hair follicles are normally protected from the immune system, but when this protection fails, it can cause hair loss in alopecia areata.

research Frontiers in Alopecia Areata Pathobiology Research

55 citations , October 2019 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology”

The review suggests that other immune cells besides CD8+ T cells may contribute to alopecia areata and that targeting regulatory cell defects could improve treatment.

research Regulatory T Cells in Inflammatory Skin Disease: From Mice to Humans

43 citations , February 2019 in “International immunology”

Special immune cells called Regulatory T cells help control skin inflammation and repair in various skin diseases.

research JAK Inhibitors and Alopecia Areata

56 citations , January 2019 in “Lancet”

JAK inhibitors help regrow hair in alopecia areata patients, improving their quality of life.

research iNKT Cells Ameliorate Human Autoimmunity: Lessons from Alopecia Areata

27 citations , April 2018 in “Journal of autoimmunity”

iNKT cells can help prevent and treat alopecia areata by promoting hair regrowth.

research Regulatory T Cells in Autoimmune Skin Diseases

24 citations , March 2018 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Treg dysfunction is linked to various autoimmune skin diseases, and understanding Treg properties is key for new treatments.

research Alopecia Areata Is Associated With Increased Expression of Heart Disease Biomarker Cardiac Troponin I

19 citations , January 2018 in “Acta dermato-venereologica”

People with alopecia areata have higher levels of a heart disease marker than those without hair loss.

research Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Revisited: The Key to Alopecia Areata Management

102 citations , December 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings”

Restoring hair bulb immune privilege is crucial for managing alopecia areata.

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Whose Receptor-Mediated Signaling May Be Defective in Alopecia Areata, Provides Protection from Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Collapse

research Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Whose Receptor-Mediated Signaling May Be Defective in Alopecia Areata, Provides Protection from Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Collapse

36 citations , April 2016 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

A substance called VIP might protect hair follicles from being attacked by the immune system, and problems with VIP signaling could lead to hair loss in alopecia areata.

Alopecia Areata: Animal Models Illuminate Autoimmune Pathogenesis and Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategies