Updates on Trichodysplasia Spinulosa Disease

Trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS) is a rare condition linked to immunosuppression, characterized by keratin spicules and potential progression to alopecia and a leonine face. Fewer than 100 cases have been documented, mostly in solid organ transplant patients. The infection mechanism of the causative Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus (TSPyV) is not well understood, although 75% of adults have antibodies against it, and it is transiently present in about 1% of the population. Recent updates over the past 5 years include studies on the virus's seroepidemiology, proliferation mechanisms, and treatment options.