Crosstalk Between Vimentin and Keratins in Viral Infection: Implications Across the Viral Life Cycle

This narrative review examines the roles of intermediate filaments, specifically vimentin and keratins, in viral infections, highlighting their active participation in the viral life cycle stages such as attachment, entry, replication, and egress. Vimentin serves as a versatile host entry platform for various viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and Dengue virus, by acting as an attachment factor or co-receptor. It can both facilitate and restrict viral processes, depending on the virus. Keratins, although less studied, also contribute to viral entry, replication, and immune recognition. The review suggests that targeting the interactions between viruses and these intermediate filaments could provide new avenues for antiviral therapies.