Wound Healing: Physiological Phases and Cellular Mechanisms
January 2026
in “
Florence Research (University of Florence)
”
TLDR Wound healing involves four phases with various cells, but more research is needed on certain interactions.
The document provides a comprehensive overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in wound healing, emphasizing the importance of understanding these processes to develop novel therapies and improve patient outcomes. Wound healing occurs in four overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling/maturation, each involving specific cellular activities. Key players include neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells, all contributing to different stages of healing. The document highlights the roles of extracellular vesicles, neuropeptides, and microbiota in wound healing, suggesting potential clinical applications through predictive microbiome signatures and targeted modulation. Despite advancements, the precise functions of neuropeptides and cellular interactions during the remodeling phase remain inadequately understood, indicating a need for further research.
