October 2024 in “UNESP Institutional Repository (São Paulo State University)” Straightening and dyeing damage hair structure.
November 2022 in “International journal of trichology” Glyoxylic acid straighteners cause more protein loss but have similar hair strength effects as traditional alkaline straighteners.
January 2013 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Hair perms or treatments seem safe to use up to 3 to 4 times during pregnancy.
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June 2019 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Lower pH straighteners change hair more but weaken it.
September 2025 in “Sahel Journal of Life Sciences FUDMA” Chemical hair straighteners can severely damage hair and scalp with repeated use.