research Immune-Molecular Link Between Thyroid and Skin Autoimmune Diseases: A Narrative Review
This narrative review explores the immune-molecular connections between autoimmune thyroid diseases and various autoimmune skin disorders, such as Psoriasis, Lichen Planus, Vitiligo, Atopic Dermatitis, and Alopecia Areata. It highlights shared genetic markers and immunological mechanisms, including disrupted immune tolerance and oxidative stress, which lead to chronic inflammation. Genetic factors like IL-23 receptor gene variants and CTLA-4 mutations are linked to increased susceptibility to these conditions. The review suggests that similar antigens in skin cells and thyrocytes may explain the concurrent impact on both tissues. The findings underscore the importance of comprehensive diagnostic and treatment approaches, with future research needed to elucidate specific immunological pathways and discover new biomarkers.
